When the harmony between the lower and upper jaw joints and surrounding tissues is disrupted, jaw joint disorder occurs. Also known as temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder, this condition can arise suddenly or develop over time. If left untreated, it may lead to serious issues such as jaw locking.
So, what are the symptoms of jaw joint disorder? How is it treated?
What Is Jaw Joint Disorder?
Functional disorders occurring in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area are referred to as jaw joint disorders. This joint serves as a connection between the jawbone and the lower part of the skull. It plays a vital role in jaw functions such as speaking, chewing, and opening and closing the mouth.
When dysfunction occurs in this joint, the jaw loses its ability to function properly. Pain or discomfort appears in the jaw joint area. Issues with the muscles, ligaments, cartilage, or surrounding tissues are usually the root cause of this condition.
What Are the Symptoms of Jaw Joint Disorder?
Symptoms of TMJ disorder may vary from person to person. The underlying cause of the disorder can also lead to differences in symptoms. However, common symptoms include:
- Persistent pain in the jaw area
- Clicking or popping sounds from the jaw when opening, closing, speaking, or chewing
- Difficulty opening and closing the mouth
- Facial pain
- Headaches
- Dizziness
- Ear pain and ringing (tinnitus)
- Tooth sensitivity and enamel wear
- Impaired chewing function
- Jaw misalignment or shifting
- Tension in the jaw muscles
- Swelling in the face
What Causes Jaw Joint Disorders?
TMJ disorders can develop due to various factors. They may appear suddenly due to trauma (e.g. accidents), or gradually over time. Common causes include:
- Trauma or injury to the jaw from accidents or impact
- Teeth grinding (bruxism)
- Poor posture
- Chewing only on one side
- Missing teeth
- Genetic predisposition
- Stress
- Arthritis
- Malocclusion (poor bite alignment)
- Orthodontic issues
- Connective tissue disorders
- Improper dental treatments
- Systemic diseases
- Tumors
- Habits like nail-biting, chewing gum excessively, or biting pens
How Are Jaw Joint Disorders Diagnosed?
If you feel abnormal pain in your jaw or issues with jaw function, you should visit a clinic without delay. After a thorough exam and testing, a specialist will identify the cause and begin treatment.
Diagnosis begins by reviewing the patient's medical history to identify any contributing conditions. Then, symptoms such as jaw pain, joint sounds, and limited jaw movement are examined.
To confirm the diagnosis, the dentist evaluates jaw mobility, pain points, and the condition of the tissues around the TMJ. If needed, the patient may undergo X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to get a more detailed view of the joint and surrounding areas.
After this detailed evaluation, the diagnosis is made, and the doctor informs the patient and begins the appropriate treatment plan.
How Is Jaw Joint Disorder Treated?
Treatment varies depending on the cause and symptoms. In many cases, a combination of treatment methods is used to help the patient recover quickly. Common treatment methods include:
Diet & Nutrition: Hard or crunchy foods can worsen the condition. Patients are advised to follow a soft food diet to reduce strain on the jaw.
Hot and Cold Therapy: Applied to relax the muscles around the jaw joint.
Physical Therapy: Specific exercise programs developed by a physiotherapist help restore jaw function.
Open Joint Surgery: In cases involving serious trauma or tumors, surgical intervention may be required.
Medication: Painkillers, anti-inflammatory drugs, or muscle relaxants may be used to relieve pain and reduce tension.
Botox Injections: Reduces the activity of overactive chewing muscles, helping prevent teeth grinding and relieving pressure on the joint.
Mouth Guards (Night Guards or Splints): Custom-made appliances provided by a dentist reduce stress on the TMJ.
Arthroscopy: A small camera (arthroscope) is inserted into the joint to observe, clean, and correct internal issues if necessary.
Can Jaw Joint Disorders Be Treated with Herbal Remedies?
TMJ disorders require treatment from a medical professional. Herbal remedies may support the treatment but cannot cure the condition alone. Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids like fish oil or flaxseed, and herbal teas may help relieve symptoms and support recovery, but they should not replace professional care.
If you are experiencing TMJ-related discomfort, you can visit our clinics. With the guidance of our expert dentists, you can overcome the issue!
